基于场路结合法的电磁弹射用新型永磁直线,同步电机的研究

文章编号：1007-449X（2019）09-0065-10

Investigation of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor for  electromagnetic launch based on field circuit combined method

DU Chao，MENG Da wei

（College of Electric and Electronic Engineering， Harbin University of Science and Technology， Harbin 150080， China）

Abstract：

Aiming at the characteristics of the large thrust and high acceleration of the linear motor， the advantages of permanent magnet motor， ring winding and double sided moving magnet structure were combined， the mover magnetic field was analysed and the ring winding permanent magnet linear synchronous motor with double sided moving magnet（DSMM R PMLSM）mover structure was proposed. Owing to its high thrust density and power factor， light mover quality， strong structure and convenience to power and control segmented， the DSMM R PMLSM has been the favoured choice in electromagnetic launch system. The dynamic characteristics are obtained by setting up the mathematical model of this motor type， and the thrust performances of the mover with different structures in normal and eccentric operation were compared and then rationalized in field circuit combined analysis and in separate prototype tests. The results show that the linear motor with new mover structure has the merits of higher electromagnet thrust， lighter mover quality and better acceleration， which provides a reference for future research of linear motor for electromagnet launch system.

Keywords：electromagnetic launch; permanent magnet linear synchronous motor; double sided moving magnet structure; field circuit combined method; thrust characteristics

0引言

电磁弹射装置是一种高效的起飞辅助装置，主要由直线电动机、储能供电设备、电力转换设备和控制系统构成。相对于传统的弹射装置，电磁弹射装置以其推力密度高、运动部分质量与体积均较小、闭环控制精度高、整个发射过程全程可控、维修费用低等优点，具有更广阔的应用前景。

作为电磁弹射系统的核心组成部分，弹射用的直线电动机（后文简称“直线电机”）将输入的电能转化为动能，借助电磁力或洛伦兹力，在一定时间与距离内完成对物体的加速进而弹射。直线电机既是整个弹射系统动力的提供者，同时又和弹射目标一起运动，所以也是系统所要控制的对象，其性能的高低直接影响了电磁弹射系统的效率。因此国内外的学者们从提高电机输出推力与减小动子质量和体积这两方面入手，提出双边型动磁式这种直线电机结构，对其进行了一系列的研究与优化。